First those are not airbrush nozzles. They are "Airbrush Cover Assories".
They claim to be guides to assist in creating specific effects like a specific line weight or soft cover. Not sure how that would work since anything dragging against the support will damage whatever paint has gone down. Also they would collect overspray and create drops and smears.
Here are the official descriptions from the AliExpress website item with that image (edited only for layout, spelling errors are theirs):
NT-1: Long distance, large area, large angle
NT-2: Efficient disperse airflow at close-range operation, and makes the-edge of color lump more smooth, and reduce the paint accumulation.
NT-3: Close range, large area, large angle, and reduce the paint accumulation.
NT-4: Medium distance, large area, large angle,and
protect needle, make the airbrush plays a finest performance with fewer restrictions of spary scope.(it can work with o-ring to adjust the tightning locked position)
NT-6: help collecting airflow, reducing the spary scope of airbrush, hollow out structure design can ensures the smooth airflow, suitable for painting shadow and thin lines in small area.
NT-7: press against the surface of item to spary it, suitable for
painting lines of uniform thickness: large hollow out design can
reduce the paint accumulation, and with unrestricted spray scope,
freely control the spray effect.(it can work with o-ring to adjust
the tightning locked position)
But frankly they do nothing to change the spray pattern. That comes from the nozzle, needle set, airflow, and how you handle the brush. These items are window dressing at best. If they were to actually block the airflow like they describe it would just make a mess.
(edit: a user suggested there may be a niche application for these tips. If so hopefully someone with experience in that area could fill in the blank.)